It normally takes a semester for a college freshman to adjust to his college life.英译汉

Tornadoes, whirlwinds, and watersprouts are rotating funnel cloud air masses of small diameter. They are differentiated by the intensity of their rotation and by the surfaces that they traverse. Though tornadoes and whirlwinds both travel over land masses, whirlwinds are atmospheric systems smaller than tornadoes. Watersprouts are tornadoes that form. or pass over a water surface. A tornado is a powerful vortex or "twister" whose rotational speeds are estimated to be near 300 miles per hour. The first visible indication of tornado development is usually a funnel cloud. As this funnel dips earthward, it becomes darker because of the debris that is forced into its intensifying vortex. Some tornadoes give no visible warning Until their destruction strikes the unsuspecting victim. Tornadoes often occur in groups, and several twisters sometimes descend from the same cloud base. The forward speed of a tornado is normally 30 to 40 miles per hour. In the short time that it takes to pass, a tornado can cause fantastic destruction. There have been cases reported in which blades of straw were embeded in fence posts.
How are tornadoes distinguished from whirlwinds？
A．Whirlwinds rotate in a different direction than tornadoes do.
B．Tornadoes travel over land and whirlwinds over water.
C．Tornadoes are larger than whirlwinds.
D．Only tornadoes are funnel-shaped.

In Britain arrangements for inviting and entertaining guests at a wedding are usually the responsibility of the bride’s family. In most cases it is mainly friends and relations of both families who are invited, but when the bride’s father is businessman of some kind, the wedding reception may provide a useful occasion for establishing social connections with clients or customers and other people whose good will may be of advantage to him. It is, however, the bride’s mother who had the job of sending out the formal printed invitation cards.
In the case of a church wedding, the vicar of each parish in which the ceremony bride and bridegroom live is normally informed about a month in advance of the ceremony so that an announcement of the coming wedding can be made in church on each of three Sundays before it takes place. Anyone who may know of an existing marriage of either partner is ordered to give information about it, though this means of avoiding bigamy must have been more effective in the days when people moved about the world less than they do today. Often up to a hundred or more people attend the religious service and the bride usually wears the traditional long white dress and veil, while her bride - maids, who are often children, wear long dress in attractive colors. This may also happen in the case of a civil wedding in a register office but is probably less usual.
The reception which follows may be held in a restaurant, a local hall or, when there are few guests, in the bride's own home. Refreshments are provided, a special iced wedding - cake is cut (usually to the accompaniment of speeches) and distributed to the guests, toasts are drunk and dancing may follow. At some point in the celebrations, the bride goes off the change into everyday clothes and then leaves the party with her husband to go on their honeymoon, the journey they will make together, often in romantic surroundings abroad.
According to the passage some guests may be invited because _________.
A．they are likely to be annoyed if they are not
B．they may give valuable presents
C．their presence could provide future benefits
D．they may help with the expenses of the wedding

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The meaning of "communication" goes a lot deeper than people often think.Communication is about conceiving,sending,receiving,and interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messages.A failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication.
Ineffective communication can be disastrous.There is a famous story of a British Army Commander who sent the message "Send reinforcements,we're going to advance." back to his Command Center,through a long chain of subordinates.When the message finally reached the Command Center,it had "mutated" to become -- "Send three and four-pence,we're going to a dance." The reinforcements never arrived.
You can demonstrate this same principle,albeit on a less dramatic scale,by trying to play Chinese Whispers with more than 20 people.It is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with.
In a business,there are three main types of communication failure.Each has its own indicative signs.
•The first type is known as allocative failure.This occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often),the information is not reaching the right points.The firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demand.If demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failure,then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing.If the inverse happens,there will be a surplus of stocks and overstaffing.
•The second type is executive failure,where communication to trigger specific events/actions is either late,lacking or in error.The symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departments,a loss of co-ordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all.
•The final type is human failure.This occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communication.This leads to alienated staff,an increase in staff turnover,an increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staff.Creativity,especially that which takes place across departmental boundaries,is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips.
1.Confirming reception of the sent messages means（）.
A.the messages are sent to right receivers
B.the messages are correctly understood
C.the messages are correctly understood by right receivers
2.In the famous British Army Commander story,which step probably did NOT go wrong in the communication chain?（）
A.Conceiving.
B.Sending.
C.Receiving.
3.What is Chinese whispers?（）
A.Who whispers in Chinese.
B.A game to pass message around in a whisper.
C.Chinese people who don't normally talk very loudly.
4.Allocative failure does NOT happen when（）.
A.the right information goes to the right place
B.a company gathers false information
C.the correct information is not received by the right department or person
5.According to the passage,which of the following cases does NOT belong to human failure?（）
A.Decreasing creativity across departments.
B.Inadequate communication between departments.
C.Increasing customer complaints.

Communication Failure
　　The meaning of “communication” goes a lot deeper than people often think. Communication is about conceiving, sending, receiving, and interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messages. A failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication.
　　Ineffective communication can be disastrous. There is a famous story of a British Army Commander who sent the message “Send reinforcements, we're going to advance.” back to his Command Center, through a long chain of subordinates. When the message finally reached the Command Center, it had “mutated” to become -- “Send three and four-pence, we're going to a dance.” The reinforcements never arrived.
　　You can demonstrate this same principle, albeit on a less dramatic scale, by trying to play Chinese Whispers with more than 20 people. It is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with.
　　In a business, there are three main types of communication failure. Each has its own indicative signs.
　　•The first type is known as allocative failure. This occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often), the information is not reaching the right points. The firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demand. If demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing. If the inverse happens, there will be a surplus of stocks and overstaffing.
　　•The second type is executive failure, where communication to trigger specific events/actions is either late, lacking or in error. The symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departments, a loss of co-ordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all.
　　•The final type is human failure. This occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communication. This leads to alienated staff, an increase in staff turnover, an increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staff. Creativity, especially that which takes place across departmental boundaries, is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips.
操作提示：通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。
1.Confirming reception of the sent messages means.
A. the messages are sent to right receivers
B. the messages are correctly understood
C. the messages are correctly understood by right receivers
2. In the famous British Army Commander story, which step probably did NOT go wrong in the communication chain?
A. Conceiving.
B. Sending.
C. Receiving.
3.What is Chinese whispers?
A. Who whispers in Chinese.
B. A game to pass message around in a whisper.
C. Chinese people who don't normally talk very loudly.
4.Allocative failure does NOT happen when.
A. the right information goes to the right place
B. a company gathers false information
C. the correct information is not received by the right department or person
5.According to the passage, which of the following cases does NOT belong to human failure?
A. Decreasing creativity across departments.
B. Inadequate communication between departments.
C. Increasing customer complaints.

Look,yourclothesarewetthrough.Itmustberaining__（）

________, I would go fishing, but the weather is bad today.

__________, otherwise called a draft, is the instrument normally used in international business to effect payment
A.Letter of Credit
B.Time Draft
C.Sight Draft
D.Bill of Exchange

These two alarm clocks are normally set together， but now they have been reset a few hours _________.
A. away
B. alone
C. apart
D. aside

_______ is the activity we normally engage in when we read books, newspapers, road signs, etc. It involves looking at the sentences and understanding the message they convey.
A. reading aloud
B. reading for meaning
C. silent reading
D. reading for information

Which of the fluids listed is normally used to condense the primary refrigerant in a shipboard central air conditioning system？
A.Air or Nitrogen
B.Seawater or Fresh water
C.Sodium Nitrate brine
D.Calcium Sulfate brine

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This bed（）too much room.