Because a degree from a good university is the means to a better job, education is one of the most ______ areas in the Japanese life.
A.sophisticated
B.competitive
C.considerate
D.superficial
A.sophisticated
B.competitive
C.considerate
D.superficial
Reading Comprehension 阅读理解
从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。
When your parents advise you to “get an education” in order to raise your income, they tell you only half the truth. What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide manpower for your society, but not so much that you prove an embarrassment to your society.
Get a college degree, if possible. With a B. A., you'll have a good start. But now you have to slow down. If you go for a master's degree, make sure it is an M. B. A., and only from a first-rate university. Beyond this, the famous law of diminishing returns (报酬递减率) begins to take effect.
Do you know, for instance, that long distant truck drivers earn more per year than full professors? Yes, the average 1977 salary for those truckers was $ 24, 000, while the full professors managed to earn just $ 23, 030.
A Ph. D. (博士) is the highest degree you can get. Except for a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes, if you pursue such a degree in any other field, you will face a dim future. There are more Ph. D. s unemployed or under-employed in this country than in any other part of the world.
If you become a Ph. D. in English or history or political science or languages or—worst of all—in philosophy, you run the risk of becoming overeducated for our national demands. Not for our needs, mind you, but for our demands.
Thousands of Ph. D. s are selling shoes, driving cars, waiting on tables, and endlessly filling out applications month after month. They may also take a job in some high school or second-rate college that pays much less than what the doorkeeper earns.
You can equate (同等看待) the level of income with the level of education only so far. Far enough, that is, to make you useful to the gross national product, but not so far that nobody can turn much of a profit on you.
31、Your parents advise you to “get an education” partly because they want you_______________.
A.to gain more knowledge
B.to earn more money
C.to get a degree
D.to free yourself from embarrassment
32、From the second paragraph, we can infer that both B. A. and M. B. A. are_______________.
A.professions
B.jobs
C.college degrees
D.academic disciplines
33、According to the author, _______________.
A.a high degree helps you greatly in finding a satisfactory job
B.a high degree does not necessarily help you to find a satisfactory job
C.the higher degree you get, the more money you can make
D.the higher degree you get, the dimmer future you will face
34、The author would advise you to specialize in the fields of _______________ for a doctor's degree.
A.physics or chemistry
B.English or history
C.political science
D.philosophy
35、Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A.Well-educated professionals sometimes earn less than truck drivers.
B.It's easier for those who specialize in the fields of physics and chemistry to find a job.
C.Some Ph. D. graduates work as shop assistants, car drivers, waiters or waitresses, because they cannot find a suitable job.
D.Your Ph. D. degree will make your country embarrassed.
When you go to university to study for a degree, you have decided to study professionally, rather than as an amateur; so being a student is now your profession for at least the next four years.
This involves a change of attitude in many ways. Although the process has been going on since you went to middle school, the biggest change is going to take place. Now, instead of taking several subjects, you have chosen one major subject because you find it interesting and worth exploring further. The choice was yours. You also have the goal of getting a degree . The degree and the stages you have to pass through to achieve it give you motivation, even though it may become weak from time to time, and not all parts of the course will be exciting; a sure way to lose interest is to do too little work. It is a law of diminishing returns - the less work you do, the less interest you will have and the more bored you will become. So, regular work is needed to keep up your interest as well as to keep pace with new work.
Another change is in the relationship with teachers. This may well have changed during middle school and high school, but now the whole context is different. You are no longer forced to slay in school all day, and apart from your class time, you organize your own time and place for studying. You are there to study (an active process) rather than to be taught (passive). Your teachers may or may not urge you, but they do want you to share their interest in the subject and they want you to succeed.
Some activities, like discussing and reading, are basic to studying. Make sure that you are doing these efficiently.
Group discussions give you a chance to train yourself to speak and discuss more effectively.
They will fail in their purpose if you keep silent —and if you start off this way, the harder it will become to get out of the situation of being the non-speaking member of the group. In the future you are almost certainly going to have to be good at speaking, so get into the way of talking about your subject now. This is actually more fun than sitting being silently miserable because you are not saving anything. Nobody will think what you say is foolish. Everyone will be thankful not to face awkward silence.
55. When does a person start to study professionally?
A)The time when he starts a profession.
B)The time when he goes to university.
C)The time when he knows how to study.
D)The time when he goes to high school.
56. Which of the following is not unique to university?
A)Students have to choose one major subject.
B)The goal of study is to get a degree.
C)Students need to work hard.
D)Students organize their own time for studying.
57. University teachers().
A)don’t care about students’ performance
B)hope students can share their interest in
C)force students to stay in school all day
D)know nothing about their students
58.Who does the underlined word ”they” refer to?
A)University teachers.
B)Group discussions.
C)University students.
D)The topics of discussions.
根据以下内容回答题:Happiness can be described as a positive mood and a pleasant state of m
根据以下内容回答题:
Happiness can be described as a positive mood and a pleasant state of mind. According to recent polls sixty to seventy percent of Americans consider themselves to be moderately happy and one in twenty persons feels very unhappy.Psychologists have been study-ing the factors that contribute to happiness.It is not predictable nor is a person in an apparently ideal situation necessarily happy.The ideal situation may have little to do with his actual feel-ings. A good education and income are usually considered necessary for happiness.Though both may contribute,they are only chief factors if the person is seriously under-educated or actually suffering from lack of physical needs. The rich are not likely to be happier than the middle-income group or even those with very low incomes.People with college educations are somewhat happier than those who did not gra-duate from high school,and it is believed that this is mainly because they have more opportuni-ty to control their lives.Yet people with a high income and a college education may be less happy than those with the same income and no college education. Poor health does not rule out happiness except for the severely debilitated or those in pain.Learning to cope with a health problem can contribute to happiness.Those with a good sex lifeare happier in general,but those who have a loving affectionate relationship are happier than those who rely on sex alone.Love has a higher correlation with happiness than any other factor. It should be noted that people quickly get used to what they have,and they are happiest when they feel they are increasing their level no matter where it stands at a given time. Children whose parents were happily married have happier childhoods but are not nece—ssarily happier adults. The best formula for happiness is to be able to develop the ability to tolerate frustration,to have a personal involvement and commitment,and to develop self-confidence and self-esteem.
According to the article,happiness is greatly dependent upon() .
A、happy childhood
B、great wealth
C、a feeling that conditions are improving over what they were
D、a college degree
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.
Across the rich world, well-educated people increasingly work longer than the less-skilled. Some 65% of American men aged 62-74 with a professional degree are in the workforce, compared with 32% of men with only a high-school certificate. This gap is part of a deepening divide between the well-educatedwell-off and the unskilled poor. Rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled. The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound.
The world is facing an astonishing rise in the of old people, and they will live longer than ever before. Over the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion. The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity(长寿)translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems.
But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the idle old misses a new trend, the growing gap between the skilled and the unskilled. Employment rates are failing among younger unskilled people, whereas older skilled folk are working longer.The divide is most extreme in America, where well-educated baby-boomers(二战后生育高峰期出生的美国人)areputting off retirement while many less-skilled younger people have abandoned policies that used Xto retire early. Rising life expectancy(预期生命),combined with the replace- Xpension plans with less generous defined-contribution ones, means that even the better-off must work longer to have a comfortable retirement. But the changing nature of work also plays a big role. Pay has risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to reap rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive that the preceding generation. Technological charge may well reinforce that shift; the skills that complement computers, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.
1.What is happening in the workforce in rich countries?
A.Younger people are replacing the elderly.
B.Well-educated people tend to work longer.
C.Unemployment rates are rising year after year.
D.People with no collage degree do not easily find work.
2.What has helped deepen the divide between the well-off and the poor?
A.Longer life expectancies.
B.A rapid technological advance.
C.Profound changes in the workforce.
D.A growing number of the well-educated.
3.What do many observers predict in view of the experience of the experience of the 20th century?
A.Economic growth will slow down.
B.Government budgets will increase.
C.More people will try to pursue higher education.
D.There will be more competition in the job market.
4.What is the result of policy changes in European countries?
A.Unskilled workers may choose to retire early.
B.Morepeople have to receive in-service training.
C.Even wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.
D.Peoplemay be able to enjoy generous defined-benefits from pension plans.
5.What is characteristic of work in the 21st century?
A.Computers will do more complicated work.
B.More will be the educated young.
C.Most jobs to be done will be creative ones.
D.Skills are highly valued regardless of age.